Evidencias de Validez en Estudios de Conocimientos, Actitudes y Prácticas (CAP) en Salud: Revisión de Alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36489/nursing.2026v31i333p13108-13140Palabras clave:
Estudios de validación, Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en salud, Encuestas y cuestionariosResumen
Objetivo: Mapear las producciones científicas sobre la validez de las pruebas en estudios de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) en salud. Método: Revisión de alcance siguiendo la metodología del Joanna Briggs Institute con protocolo registrado en el Open Science Framework. Se realizó una búsqueda en ocho fuentes de información, sin restricciones lingüísticas ni temporales.
La síntesis y clasificación de las evidencias siguieron las cinco fuentes previstas en los Estándares para Pruebas Educativas y Psicológicas, empleando también el software VOSviewer para el análisis de la coocurrencia de palabras clave. Resultados: Se incluyeron 110 estudios, la mayoría publicados a partir de 2020, predominando los instrumentos dirigidos a profesionales de la salud, con escalas Likert y validez de contenido. Las evidencias de estructura interna, procesos de respuesta y consecuencias de la evaluación fueron menos frecuentes. Hubo una disociación recurrente entre conocimiento, actitud y práctica, influenciada por factores contextuales. Conclusión: El avance metodológico de los CAP exige la integración de las cinco fuentes de evidencia psicométrica y la sensibilidad cultural.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Francisco Lucas de Lima Fontes, Ermelinda do Carmo Valente Caldeira, Erisonval Saraiva da Silva, Angélica Jesus Rodrigues Campos, Djanes Costa Lima, Leonardo da Conceição Pereira, Maria Del Pilar Serrano Gallardo, José Wicto Pereira Borges
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
